obligations or necessities

We use “Have to” to express obligations or necessities in present or future.

Does Paul have to talk to Mr. Pitt.? Yes, he has to talk to him.

Aux.+ Sub. + Exp. Sf. + Vsf.                       (+) Sub.+ Exp. Sf. + Vsf

                                                   
                                                   No, he doesn’t have to talk to him

                                                    (-) + Sub.+ Aux.(-) + Exp. Sf. + Vsf.

What does he have to do?  He has to help Karla

Qw + Aux. + Sub.+ Exp. Sf. + Vsf

·         We use “had to” to express necessities or obligations in the past.

rick have to finish another project?   Yes, he had to finish it.

Aux. + Sub + Exp. Sf.                                      (+) Sub. + Exp. in past.+ Vsf

                                                       
                                                     No, he didn’t have to finish it.

                                                                   (-) Sub. + Exp. in past.+ Vsf




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